Review: You've learned that a Clause is a group of words which contains a subject and a predicate. It is usually considered a part of a sentence; but when it is capable of standing alone, it is equivalent to a simple sentence. Now you will learn the 2 main kinds of clause: the Independent Clause and Dependent Clause.
An Independent Clause expresses a complete thought and can stand alone in a sentence.
- JUSTIN DELIVERS PAPERS before he comes to school. (The clause Justin delivers papers could stand alone, for it expresses a complete thought.)
- I GIVE YOU THIS so that I can say goodbye. ( The clause I give you this could stand alone, for it expresses a complete thought.)
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A Dependent Clause on the other hand, does not make sense when standing alone.
- Robert delivers papers BEFORE HE COMES TO SCHOOL. ( The clause before he comes to school does not make complete sense when standing alone; it is dependent upon other words to give it a complete meaning.)
- I give you this SO THAT I CAN SAY GOODBYE. ( The clause so that I can say goodbye does not make complete sense when standing alone; it is dependent upon other words to give it a complete meaning.)
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Other examples of an independent clause:
- You report to me.
- You tell me.
- I kiss my mother.
- We sing the song.
- They played and laughed.
Other examples of a dependent clause:
- who painted the scenery
- where they stored the goods
- that he succeeded
- when the wind blew
- If she had been delayed
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As said, the dependent clause has three 3 subtypes:
a.) Noun Clause
b.) Adjective Clause
c.) Adverb Clause
These will be discussed in the next lessons.
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~end of lesson~
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